A proton source in the ALPHA apparatus for precision measurements of antihydrogen and hydrogen

Theses

The apparent lack of antimatter within our local solar system, the Milky Way, and at Galactic boundaries is inconsistent with the Big Bang hypothesis. This disagreement has motivated many experiments to compare the properties and behaviour of antimatter and matter. The ALPHA (Antihydrogen Laser PHysics Apparatus) experiment produce, trap and study antihydrogen. This synthesis involves antiprotons sourced from the limited schedule of the Antiproton Decelerator facility.

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Swansea University

Patrick Mullan

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Liam McCarthy
Researcher
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Roya Ahemeh
Student
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Dr. Rita Behera Sahoo
Researcher
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Adriano Del Vincio
Student

Adiabatic expansion cooling of antihydrogen

Refereed Publication

Magnetically trapped antihydrogen atoms can be cooled by expanding the volume of the trap in which they are confined. We report a proof-of-principle experiment in which antiatoms are deliberately released from expanded and static traps. Antiatoms escape at an average trap depth of 0 . 0 8 ± 0 . 0 1 K (statistical errors only) from the expanded trap while they escape at average depths of 0 . 2 2 ± 0 . 0 1 and 0 . 1 7 ± 0 . 0 1 K from two different static traps.

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Published in

Physical Review Research 6 (2024) L032065

Ahmadi, M. and Alves, B. X. R. and Baker, C. J. and Bertsche, W. and Capra, A. and Cohen, S. and Torkzaban, C. and Cesar, C. L. and Charlton, M. and Collister, R. and Eriksson, S. and Evans, A. and Evetts, N. and Fajans, J. and Friesen, T. and Fujiwara, M. C. and Granum, P. and Hangst, J. S. and Hayden, M. E. and Hodgkinson, D. and Isaac, C. A. and Johnson, M. A. and Jones, S. A. and Jonsell, S. and Kalem, N. and Madsen, N. and Maxwell, D. and McKenna, J. T. K. and Menary, S. and Momose, T. and Munich, J. and Olchanski, K. and Olin, A. and Pusa, P. and Rasmussen, C. \O{}. and Robicheaux, F

The ALPHA-2 apparatus - facilitating experimentation with trapped antihydrogen

Refereed Publication

This paper describes the ALPHA-2 apparatus, used at the CERN Antiproton Decelerator facility for the study of trapped antihydrogen

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Nucl. Inst. & Meth. Phys. A 1072 (2025) 170194

R. Akbari and B.X.R. Alves and C.J. Baker and M. Baquero-Ruiz and W. Bertsche and E. Butler and C. Burrows and A. Capra and C.L. Cesar and M. Charlton and R. Collister and A. Cridland and S. Eriksson and A. Evans and L.T. Evans and N. Evetts and J. Fajans and T. Friesen and M.C. Fujiwara and D.R. Gill and P. Grandemange and P. Granum and A. Gutierrez and J.S. Hangst and M.E. Hayden and D. Hodgkinson and C.A. Isaac and A. Ishida and M.A. Johnson and J.M. Jones and S.A. Jones and S. Jonsell and A. Khramov and L. Kurchaninov and A. Little and N. Madsen and D. Maxwell and J.T.K. McKenna and S

Precision spectroscopy of the hyperfine components of the 1S--2S transition in antihydrogen

Refereed Publication

The antimatter equivalent of atomic hydrogen—antihydrogen—is an outstanding testbed for precision studies of matter–antimatter symmetry. Here we report on the simultaneous observation of both accessible hyperfine components of the 1S–2S transition in trapped antihydrogen. We determine the 2S hyperfine splitting in antihydrogen and—by comparing our results with those obtained in hydrogen—constrain the charge–parity–time-reversal symmetry-violating coefficients in the standard model extension framework.

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Published in

Nature Physics (2025)

Baker, C. J. and Bertsche, W. and Capra, A. and Carruth, C. and Cesar, C. L. and Charlton, M. and Christensen, A. and Collister, R. and Cridland Mathad, A. and Eriksson, S. and Evans, A. and Evetts, N. and Fajans, J. and Friesen, T. and Fujiwara, M. C. and Gill, D. R. and Grandemange, P. and Granum, P. and Hangst, J. S. and Hardy, W. N. and Hayden, M. E. and Hodgkinson, D. and Hunter, E. and Isaac, C. A. and Johnson, M. A. and Jones, J. M. and Jones, S. A. and Jonsell, S. and Khramov, A. and Kurchaninov, L. and Madsen, N. and Maxwell, D. and McKenna, J. T. K. and Menary, S. and Momose, T. and

On the Dynamics of Adiabatically Cooled Antihydrogen in an Octupole-Based Ioffe-Pritchard Magnetic Trap

Theses

Antihydrogen is now routinely formed in ALPHA by combination of antiproton and
positron plasmas. Formed anti-atoms with energy <∼0.5 K are trapped in an octupole-
based Ioffe-Pritchard magnetic trap. Reducing trapped antihydrogen energy is expected
to increase precision in experiments that measure fundamental antihydrogen properties
for precise comparison to hydrogen. Cooling is expected to permit confinement in a

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Published in

University of Manchester

Danielle L. Hodgkinson

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